Building Capacity for Smart and Connected Management of Thermal Extremes
Lead PI:
Paul Coseo
Co-Pi:
Abstract
As the nation's leading cause of weather-related deaths, extreme heat and cold substantially impact human well-being in the United States. The impacts of heat and cold are unevenly distributed in urban areas as a result of variability in infrastructure and social factors that influence risk. Many different agencies, organizations, and individuals are involved in the management of extreme heat and cold events through a wide range of preparedness and response activities. Improved coordination of actions and utilization of data resources would increase the return on public and private investments made to minimize adverse impacts of heat and cold and lead to reduced instances of weather-related mortality, morbidity, discomfort, and lost productivity. This research project will examine existing practices related to the management of heat and cold in the cities of Buffalo, New York, and Tempe, Arizona. The project involves assessment of community partner practices, goals, and needs in these two cities with an emphasis on learning about how partners use and seek data related to weather, health, energy, transit, and other relevant factors. Examination of these two cities will lay the groundwork for a more comprehensive assessment of gaps and opportunities for reducing the impact of thermal extremes in municipalities across the United States, in future research.

The objectives of this planning grant are to work collaboratively with city stakeholders to examine how select cities in the United States are measuring exposure and impacts of thermal extremes on urban residents; document current approaches to and barriers of using existing thermal and related data streams to inform local government strategies and programs; and collaborate with agencies in Tempe and Buffalo, to design a linked research-action approach that integrates social and technological infrastructure to build capacity for communities to manage the impacts of thermal extremes. The scope of the planning grant includes three main outcomes. First, project investigators will work with city stakeholders to pilot an integrated assessment of thermal extremes management in Buffalo and Tempe, which were chosen to represent diverse environmental and social conditions. Second, the investigators and city stakeholders will co-develop a semi-structured interview instrument that can be used for national assessment of thermal extremes management among municipal governments. Finally, the team will co-develop a Smart and Connected Thermal Management integrated conceptual framework. This framework will serve as the basis for future research activities continuing beyond the planning grant period, as well as an organizational tool for municipalities and researchers. The planning grant activity will provide tools for connecting researchers with practice-based approaches for management of thermal extremes. This effort will also provide generalizable approaches and guidance to help city operations become more effective and coordinated overall in managing complex and sometimes competing priorities. The proposed activity will benefit society by advancing our understanding of social-technological approaches to reduce thermal mortality and morbidity while enhancing thermal comfort and well-being.
Paul Coseo
Paul Coseo is an assistant professor, sustainability scientist, and Licensed Landscape Architect at Arizona State University’s (ASU) The Design School. He is an optimistic designer and researcher with a love of urban landscapes and weather. Growing up in metro Detroit, he witnessed how social forces drive not only the development of great public spaces but also urban decline that leads to extreme environmental inequity. At ASU, he examines the intersection of urban climate and design through 1) ecological, 2) climate justice, and 3) social learning lenses. His background in meteorology, landscape architecture, and urban planning allows him to not only focus on the drivers of extreme temperatures in cities (i.e. driven by the built environment and global climate change), but more importantly on the strategies to create more thermally comfortable and equitable cities. Coseo argues for pushing past the term “mitigation” or strategies to simply reduce temperature extremes to a new concept of “Urban Climate Design” that advocates more holistically designing better and more moderate urban climates for cities. Urban Climate Design moves past simply being less bad and moves toward improving a city’s thermal environment, quality of life, health, and equity of thermal outcomes. Thus, Urban Climate Design involves issues of justice through equitable, inclusive, and accessible social learning design and research processes. His research areas extend from the analysis of social and ecological drivers of extreme temperatures to design processes that address those drivers to monitoring of implemented strategies. Currently, Coseo manages several transdisciplinary projects that illustrate his design and research approach. Most of his projects bridge disciplines and universities often involving city or non-profit partners. His approach aims to make research more socially relevant through co-production processes. He believes co-production integrates critical experiential knowledge to guide research. Whether resident or city official, non-researchers require relevant empirical knowledge about the drivers of local urban climates to inform interventions including knowledge about the efficacy of those interventions. Paul’s work spans from building scale efforts to examine heating and cooling of various roof materials in the Sonoran Desert to neighborhood scale projects where he listened to Chicago, IL residents about heat coping strategies to city-wide climate action planning processes at how best to manage extreme heat and cold in Tempe, AZ and Buffalo, NY. This city-wide project is a National Science Foundation Smart and Connected Communities (SCC) Planning Grant that aims to build capacity within city managers and staff to tackle current and projected increases in extreme heat and changes to extreme cold events. The SCC grant is a partnership between Tempe, AZ, Buffalo, NY, ASU, Northern Arizona University, the University of Buffalo, and the National Weather Service to understand pathways toward smarter and more connected ways to manage extreme heat and cold. Coseo brings lessons and findings from research into his teaching through his urban ecological planning and design courses in the Landscape Architecture Program at ASU. Coseo is co-lead of the Urban Design Interdisciplinary Research Theme at the Central Arizona-Phoenix Long Term Ecological Research project at ASU. He is on the leadership team of ASU’s Urban Climate Research Center and an affiliate faculty member of the Biomimicry Center and the Center for Biodiversity Outcomes at ASU.
Performance Period: 09/01/2017 - 12/31/2018
Institution: Arizona State University
Award Number: 1737617